What to do if someone claimed your dependent

You may have tried to file your tax return and got an e-file rejection message. Something like: “A dependent on your return has already been claimed (or claimed themselves) on another return.” Assuming you entered your dependent’s information correctly, it looks like someone else claimed your dependent. Because the IRS processes e-filed returns in the order they are received, if another person claimed your dependent first, the IRS traditionally would reject your e-filed return, and you would have had to send the IRS a paper copy in order to file.

The IRS won’t tell you who claimed your dependent. Often, you can identify the possibilities and ask (commonly, a former spouse). But if you don’t suspect anyone who could have claimed the dependent, your dependent may be a victim of tax identity theft. Learn how to handle tax identity theft.

If you don’t think that the other person was eligible to claim your dependent, you’ll need to take some steps to protect your right to claim the dependent and your refund.

Here’s what to do if a dependent on your return has already been claimed

Don’t panic. This doesn’t mean that you can’t correct the situation.

1) Double check that you meet all of the requirements to claim the dependent.

2) If you do meet the requirements, you’ll want to learn about how you can still file your return even though your dependent was claimed on another return.

As mentioned above, you traditionally had to file your return by mailing it to the IRS if you wanted to claim a dependent that was already claimed. Good news, starting in 2025 (tax year 2024), this process has become much easier for anyone in this situation. Now, the IRS will accept your e-filed tax return even if your dependent has already been claimed on a previously filed tax return as long as the primary taxpayer (typically you or your spouse) files with a valid Identity Protection Personal Identification Number (IP PIN). 

An IP PIN is a six-digit number that prevents others from filing a fraudulent return in your name. It confirms your identity when you e-file and can help you safeguard your personal and financial information.

3) Visit the IRS website to activate your IRS Online account and request an IP PIN. If you already have an IP PIN, you’re all set for this step.

4) Once you have your IP PIN you can enter it on the return and will be allowed to e-file again. The IRS should accept the return as long as there are no other issues with it. If you don’t want to sign up for an IP PIN, you can still paper file your return if someone claimed your dependent as mentioned above.

Wondering how to block someone from claiming your child on taxes? We suggest that you file as soon as you have all your tax information to decrease the likelihood your dependent gets claimed on another return.  

Additional considerations when someone claimed your dependent

Document your case

The IRS rules for claiming a dependent can get complicated.

The most important thing to remember is to prove with proper documentation that you are entitled to claim the dependent. This includes things like birth certificates and proof of identity, but also documents that show that your dependent lived with you at the same address for more than half of the year.

Examples are:

• School, medical, daycare, or social service records
• A letter on official letterhead from a school, medical provider, social service agency, or place of worship that shows names, common address and dates

The IRS will ask you to complete this document.

Answer when the IRS contacts you.

The IRS will begin to determine who is entitled to claim the dependent when your return is accepted into processing. You may receive a letter (CP87A) from the IRS, stating that your child was claimed on another return. It will tell you that if you made a mistake, to file an amended tax return, and if you didn’t make a mistake, do nothing.

The other person who claimed the dependent will get the same letter. If one of you doesn’t file an amended return that removes the child-related benefits, then the IRS will audit you and/or the other person to determine who can claim the dependent.

You’ll get a letter in a few months to begin the audit. In the audit, the IRS will require you to provide proof that you are entitled to claim the dependent. Be sure to reply completely and by the IRS deadline. After the IRS decides the issue, the IRS will charge (or, “assess”) any additional taxes, penalties, and interest on the person who incorrectly claimed the dependent.

You can appeal the decision with the IRS if you don’t agree with the outcome, or you can take your case to U.S. Tax Court.

It’s always a good idea to discuss claiming children with your family members before a situation like this arises, if possible.

For any dependent disputes, know your options and your rights

Dependent disputes can cause many types of tax problems. Learn more about how to handle an IRS audit – or what to do about tax refund holds and other tax return problems resulting from dependent-related credits.

And for any IRS issue, remember that you have the right to representation. You can outsource the work to a tax pro, who can look into the cause of the issue and deal with the IRS for you.

Learn more about how to research your IRS account or get help from a trusted IRS expert. Or make an appointment for a free consultation with a local tax professional by calling 855-536-6504 or finding a local tax pro.